Natural rubber is a large industrial raw materials worldwide, with the dual nature of industrial and agricultural products, are widely used in industry, agriculture, national defense, transportation, medical and areas of daily life. Natural rubber and steel, petroleum, coal, were the four major industrial raw materials. However, rubber accelerators production and consumption of resources, the geographical distribution is very uneven, producing mainly in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India and China, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and a few other Asian countries, and Nigeria and a few other African countries, accounting for natural rubber production in Southeast Asia 90% of the world; and consumption, mainly in the United States, Japan and the European Union and other developed countries and China and a few other developing countries, demand in developed countries is almost entirely dependent on imports. China is the world's largest natural rubber consumer and importer, but also the fifth largest producer, set of natural rubber production, consumption, imports in one. According to the FAO (FAO) 2004-2008 annual statistics, China's natural rubber to the 200 area harvested 60.2 million hm2, annual production of 565,000 t. Through the efforts of three generations of people planting rubber, natural rubber production has improved greatly than before, but the cultivation of natural rubber in China-is extremely limited land area, development potential by land resources, climatic conditions, ecological conditions, such as constraints, and the production process is easy typhoons, drought, cold and other natural disasters, natural higher risk, in addition to natural rubber production and management of state-owned land reclamation enterprises meet the existing management system, difficult to significantly increase production, supply is extremely limited room for growth. This is far from enough to meet the economic development of China's demand for natural rubber raw materials, natural rubber declining self-sufficiency, increasing dependence on imports. According to the China Securities Journal reported, since 1998, China's rubber self-sufficiency rate was lowered from 60% in 1999, down from 32 percent in 2004, 2009, less than 20% self-sufficiency rate has exceeded safety line. Natural rubber more highlights the seriousness of security problems. At the same time, the world's natural rubber producing countries and consuming countries in the fight for the right to speak of rubber resources.
  Comparative advantage refers to the economic development of a comparative advantage, it is relative disadvantage in terms of both contains and its other industries, product comparison, also includes a comparison with the outside world. Theory of comparative advantage from the industrial division of labor and international trade theory, the introduction of economies of scale, product differentiation and so the concept of system as well as from professional, technical differences, system, game, and evolution of different angles to improve and expand the traditional theory of comparative advantage. It is now widely used in industrial economics, development economics and other aspects, from Adam Smith's theory of absolute cost, Ricardo's "comparative cost" theory and the Heckscher and Ohlin factor endowment theory has 200 years of history, from the development process perspective, the theory of comparative advantage, regardless of their content, or their field of study have undergone great changes. From the general theory of comparative advantage trade theory, as industry analysis methods and tools, and development strategies of developing countries to become, especially in the so-called accelerated development strategy and an important basis for the strategy by leaps and bounds. Rare at home and abroad have on China's natural rubber production of comparative advantage to study the literature, such as from a qualitative point of Fu Guohua natural rubber industry in China and Southeast Asia, mainly rubber planting countries comparative advantage analysis, conclusion that China has the output, efficiency, cultivation, tapping, research, quality, policy and other areas.In this study, concentration of production index, efficiency index, and comprehensive advantages of comparative advantage indices for China's natural rubber production of comparative advantage in quantitative analysis, designed to promote China's natural rubber industry in sustainable development and decision-making can refer to the relevant departments of basis.